Sunday, May 24, 2020

An Argument For Free Will. As An Outset, We Should First

An Argument for Free Will As an outset, we should first get a clear understanding of what â€Å"free will† actually means. â€Å"A being has free will if given all other causal factors in the universe (genetic and environmental, physical and chemical†¦) it nevertheless possesses the ability to choose more than one thing† (Caplan, 1997) There are many different definitions of freedom, but the kind of freedom I want to address is one where an individual can do as he or she pleases even if bound by chains to the ground. This type of freedom is freedom of the mind from causal deterministic laws, the idea that every event is dictated by antecedent events and conditions together with the laws of nature. I think that the strongest argument for free will is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Therefore, all our actions are pre-determined. †¢ Thus, there is no free will or moral responsibility. By this reasoning, free will does not exist and in proving that it does exist, we need to address this. We can argue this case by considering that determinism states that every step or change or decision is predetermined. By that reasoning, then nothing can ever get done. The domino at the end of the line is going to fall no matter what, so what is the point in doing anything. It is also important to note that â€Å"a definition of determinism is just that – a characterization of what things would have to be like if things were deterministic. It does not follow that the universe is actually deterministic† (Kane, 2007). For example, consider this: a creature is a centaur if it has the hindquarters of a horse and the torso of a man. Nothing about the definition of a centaur shows that these creatures exist in our universe. It simply tells us something about what sorts of things would count as centaurs. The same thing for the definition of determinism; determinism does not show that the universe is deterministic. It only describes a term. Determinism undermines two aspects of free will: (1) decisions are â€Å"up to you† and (2) the origins of your actions are outside of our control, by either God, decrees of fate, etcetera. These are two important aspects, but because determinism describes what would happen if the universe ran on determinism, not necessarily thatShow MoreRelatedCesar Freire s Pedagogy Of The Oppressed1084 Words   |  5 PagesFreire passionately presents his ideals about education through the scopes of these two educational styles. Pedagogy of the Oppressed starts off with an explanation that the focus of his analysis is the relationship between teachers and students. First, Freire believes that the majority of teachers today â€Å"talk about reality as if it were motionless, static, compartmentalized, and predictable† (Paolo Freire). He uses lucidly negative diction like â€Å"hollow† and â€Å"alienating† to describe the words theseRead MoreThe Revolutionary War Of Independence790 Words   |  4 Pagesslavery was deeply rooted in the American colonies. However, the Revolution provided African American slaves with several opportunities to obtain their freedom, including through military service in the British and American armed forces. From the war’s outset, both American and British government officials as well as military officers contemplated how they could use African American slaves to further their war efforts. This paper uses a case study approach to explore two instances i n the RevolutionaryRead MoreJohn Locke s Theory Of Nativism1629 Words   |  7 PagesAn Essay Concerning Human Understanding. In chapter ii of Book I of this work, Locke firmly rejects the theory of nativism that proposes innate ideas in humans. An important disclaimer to be noted before continuing is that Locke makes his case by first interpreting nativism in its simplest form (occurrent nativism) -- as opposed to the dispositional nativism that requires a sophisticated process of discovering the content of one’s mind. This distinction is significant since it is the latter definitionRead More Baruch Spinozas Anti Anthroponcentric View Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesgive rise to false conclusions about classifications in terms of subjective quantities such as good and bad, right and wrong, etc. (p.145). The argument regarding (1) above, is undoubtedly the most crucial and (not surprisingly) the most heretical of Spinoza’s unabashed critique of contemporary religion. The (main) reason for (1) turns out to be (as we shall see) the creation of God in the image of Man by people in their vain attempts to understand the nature of the Universe. This anthropomorphisationRead MoreAnalysis of Adams Argument To Eve1143 Words   |  5 PagesIn Book IV of Milton’s Paradise Lost, Eve recounts her memory of her first living moments to Adam. Eve relates that upon seeing Adam, she turned around and began walking in the opposite direction. Eve then quotes the exact words Adam used to convince her to stay: â€Å"Return fair Eve! †¦my other half† (page 91, lines 481-488). Upon examining Adam’s words, I discovered that Adam takes advantage of Eve’s lack of knowledge when reasoning with her. He doesn’t tell her everything. He keeps a few piecesRead MoreThe Law Of Non Contradiction1581 Words   |  7 Pageshis system(Martinich 1978). Monads are the substance that holds together an actual physical entitity. That includes people who are also individual monads . In the passage on personal identity, it is argued that we ourselves are made up of the sum total of our predi cates. We could list these as kind, generous, creative, and so on until a finite list would be exhausted to achieve perfect self-knowledge. Leibniz maintains that the subject is different than the attributes because it communesRead MoreJohn Cheevers Story Reunion: An Analysis1426 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Cheever Reunion To you, your father should be as a god; One that composd your beauties, yea, and one To whom you are but as a form in wax By him imprinted, and within his power To leave the figure or disfigure it. A Midsummer Nights Dream (1.1.50-4) John Cheevers short story Reunion examines the issue of inheritance between a father and his son. Not inheritance as in monetary matters, but as in character traits and personality. That is, Cheever asks the reader, to what extent is a sonRead MorePeri Archon: An Analysis1128 Words   |  4 Pagesof Origens hermeneutical and exegetical argument. Origen was living in Caesaria at the time of writing the Peri Archon, and was at the time heavily influenced by frequent contact with rabbinical scholarship. In the Peri Archon, Origen argues for the unity of scripture, (Clements 6). Origen and his contemporaries were concerned about judicious interpretations of scripture. The main problem with interpreting scripture, according to Origen, is twofold. First, there are different levels of meaning embeddedRead MoreThe Differences Between Women And Women1406 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach in the first essay, which was that similar treatment is not always the best answer to the kinds of wrongs wo men face and which feminism seeks to alleviate. The difference approach may be seen as an attempt to offer a feminist alternative that avoids this pitfall. Whereas the sameness approach responds to the sexist—who claims that men are better than women in some relevant way—by asserting the sameness of men and women, the difference approach responds by turning the sexist’s argument on its head—atRead MoreWomens Masculine Identity For Fear Of Contempt1542 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween dominant traits and the military are often hard to separate and arguments exist claiming that military culture is imbued with this toxic level of hypermasculinity leaves no room for alternative masculinities or femininity in these spaces. Rationales like this are a point of contention in terms of integrating female soldiers in combat units. Leora Rosen, Kathryn Knudson, and Peggy Fancher point out that, â€Å"one of the arguments against gender integration in the military centers around the premise

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Funding Programs For Public Schools - 1400 Words

It is a common belief that students will perform better in a well-funded school. The National Report Card (NRC) examines the finance systems of all 50 states in the nation measuring how schools are funded based on four different categories: funding level, funding distribution, effort and coverage. â€Å"A fair funding system is one that provides a sufficient level of funding distributed to account for the additional needs† of the various populations, ensuring that all students have an equal and adequate opportunity for success nationwide (Krengel, 2014). However, the funding for public schools comes from federal, state, and local sources; however â€Å"nearly half the funding for public schools in the United States [being] provided through local taxes† (Biddle Berliner, 2002, p. 48). Due to the funding being provided through taxes a large â€Å"difference is generated in funding between wealthy and impoverished communities† (Biddle Berliner, 2002, p. 48). Not only is this difference present among communities, but districts, schools within the same districts and ultimately states across the nation, thus causing the issue of unequal school funding. All states have different formulas to determine where the funds come from but the formulas are developed with two common goals. The first objective it to account â€Å"for differences in the costs of achieving equal educational opportunity across schools and districts† and the second is to account â€Å"for differences in the ability of local publicShow MoreRelatedPublic Schools : Funding And Availability Of Arts Programs958 Words   |  4 Pages Public schools in America have seen a significant loss of funding which in turn has caused reductions in the funding and availability of arts programs country wide. School districts have cut the programs that they believe are least useful in boosting their testing averages which begs the question: In an age where students are taught simply to take tests, does education in the arts, and more specifically theatre, have a place in today’s schools. In recent years this country has seen tremendous cutsRead MoreDental Public Health Programs At The United States1353 Words   |  6 PagesDental public health programs in the United States operate on federal, state, or local levels. The roles and responsibilities of these programs are directly related to the level of which the program operates. Both similarities and differences can be seen when comparing dental public health programs with regard to organization, financing and delivery of care. Despite differences in the levels in which different dental public health programs operate, all of the programs share a common, generalizedRead MoreA Report On Newburgh Free Academy Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious programs. NFA houses approximately 4,000 students and holds a wide variety of classes, athletic programs, and co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. However, according to the district’s â€Å"Draft Budget Report for Fiscal Year 2017,† these programs d o not all receive equal funding. There appears to be a large portion of available funds going towards the athletic program, while fine arts, language, and co-curricular programs receive little to no funding. The majority of public high schoolsRead MoreCharter Schools Have Become A Rival For Public Schools905 Words   |  4 PagesCharter schools have become a rival for public schools. Charters schools are public schools by option; therefore parents must initiate the interest in the school thus enrolling their children into the program. On the other hand, public schools are open to any student and do not require a waitlist or lottery system to be enrolled. It is difficult to define the â€Å"best education† because parents seek different things when researching school options for their child. The purpose of education is to developRead MoreThe Importance of Funding Music and Art Programs for Young Students Across America1685 Words   |  7 PagesMuch too often in America today , modern music and art programs in schools are perceived to many as extracurricular activities rather than important subjects that are vital to a students learning and skill development. The truth of the matter is that encouraging music and art education in public schools has a much larger impact on student’s grades, academic performance, and the economy than the majority people realize. Within the next year city school budgets will be dropping by twenty five percent, andRead MorePublic School Funding For Public Schools1217 Words   |  5 Pagesthat students do better in well-funded schools and that public education should provide a level playing field for children. Nearly half of the funding for public schools in the United States, however, is provided through local taxes, generating large differences in funding between wealthy and impoverished communities (National Center for Education Statistics, 2000a). Efforts to reduce these disparities have provoked controversy and re sistance. Public school funding the United States comes from federalRead MoreEducational Funding Levels For Public Schools Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesGeorgia, to determine K-12 educational funding levels for public schools (Green, 2014). This approach utilizes a fixed method to allocate funds and, as maintained by Green (2014), is intended to provide an objective, efficient, and equitable manner to distribute state education funds to local schools districts. However, as observed with Georgia’s own funding formula, this budgeting approach falls short when full funding is not provided. As a result, funding inequities do occur as local sources ofRead MoreCritical Analysis of Problems and Issues in Education Essay examples1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe School Voucher program was designed to give families a choice about where their children could go to school. The program offered a fixed dollar amount each year to put toward a child’s tuition. Their choices ranged from private or parochial schools, these are schools that many of these children may not experience otherwise. Charter schools were also options because they are run much like private schools. The thought behind voucher programs is that a sense of competition would be created. TheRead MoreEssay on Quiz Study Guid1281 Words   |  6 PagesSchool Governance and Funding Quiz Guide COURTNEY GRADY 1. Are members of the public allowed to speak at local school meetings? Yes – public members can sign up by calling the board secretary 2. Are state school board members in Colorado elected or appointed? Board members are elected by all district voters. 3. Are local and state superintendents of schools elected or appointed? Local superintendents are appointed by local school boards. STATE? 4. What is a BOCES? Board of CooperativeRead MoreCharter Schools And The School Voucher System806 Words   |  4 Pagesdue to economic factors or cultural factors. Often parents are concerned about topics being taught in schools. The result of this is the existence of charter schools and the school voucher system. Charter schools are less regulated, private institutions which receive taxpayer funding. School voucher systems provide monetary assistance to qualifying students which allow them to attend private schools. This is shown as a way to provide parents with options concerning their child’s education. However

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Edward scissorhands Free Essays

We instantly scan people for some characteristic we like and then we latch on to it. Social expectations we are all trained in from a young age, Edwards problem is that he isn’t used to this. He has to be taught all these things. We will write a custom essay sample on Edward scissorhands or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each group of friends and family has little expectations . Edward has a lady who comes Edward and Othello are treated really well until they provide an advantage to society, once this benefit is complete these people are thrown out like trash. Still a elineation between a man and a woman. Othello Just expects her to obey him no matter what. Edward is not believed when he says she was seducing me , he is not believed because he is different. Othello and Edward are both subjected to perspective. They all believe Desdemona deserves better than Othello, and the girl deserves better than Edward. They are both obviously different and are therefore excluded. Because you have a heritage from another country you must be born there. Alienating someone can really affect their identity. If one person starts to doubt one person it gets contagious. Iago puts enough doubt on Othello to lead and the weird lady makes everyone turn against Edward. Once people can make other people see them differently Seed of doubt, once that gets planted that’s when the trouble starts. The only woman that understands Edward is that woman, who is mothered by her Othello – you never hear that he can go and talk to someone when things go wrong. Edward has no one either. Edward has the woman who seems a bit naive but Othello has literally no one. Othello sees himself as an outsider- the whole out of my league thing- he cant believe that Desdemona has married me He sees himself as a rough, baboon soldier, this is evident when he apologises for his speech If you don’t know the rules then you become the outsider If it doesn’t agree with their thinking they will change things to make things work for them. People that feel like outsiders, are easy to take advantage edward scissorhands By brandonrouth How to cite Edward scissorhands, Papers Edward Scissorhands Free Essays Some people are monsters by appearance and others by behaviour. The way people treat others often influences how they react. In this caseEdward was a kind To discuss the essay question it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the meaning of the word monster, The Collins dictionary defines it as an imaginary beast, made up of various human and animal parts, an inhuman person or a cruel and wicked person. We will write a custom essay sample on Edward Scissorhands or any similar topic only for you Order Now This certainly describes Edward Scissorhands and with this definition in mind it is easy to argue that many of the characters in â€Å"Edward Scissorhands† behaved in a monstrous way. Edward Scissorhands is a monster created by an eccentric inventor who unfortunately died before completing his creation, leaving Edward with scissors for hands. In a flash back to the scene were his inventor cuts out a heart shaped cookie and places it on the robot body it creates a pleasant image in the mind of the viewer. Edward lived isolation in a Gothic Castle until he was discovered by Peg the Avon lady, she took pity on him and took him into her home. The suburb where she lived all of the houses are painted in pastel colours with neat gardens creating and image of a suburban wonderland, Edward appears as a very quiet young man with a child like innocence. So whilst Edward is indeed a monster by creation and appearance he is not so by nature. The neighbours behave in a way that could easily be argued as cruel and wicked, so by definition could be argued as monstrous behaviour. Edward is a kind and naive young man who is exploited by his neighbours who present themselves as friends but turn on him without question. Although the characters in the film are not deemed as monsters, the way they act makes them monsters. Their lack of understanding towards Edward impacts the way they treat him and in turn how he responds. The neighbours originally reject Edward due to their ignorance, prejudice and lack of empathy. When they discover his artistic ability to clip dogs, trim hedges into various shapes and style the hair of the ladies he becomes the most popular person in town and everyone loves him. As quickly as the neighbours accept him they turn on him and reject him. Edward gets into trouble with the Police and the neighbourhood once again turns on him, the women are again outside gossiping about him and saying cruel things about him suggesting he is the â€Å"son of Satan†. The main villain is the families neighbour Jim, whose hatred towards Edward is driven by his jealousy after realizing that Kim has a soft spot for Edward. Jim almost runs over Kim’s brother Kevin and Edward saves him, in doing so he accidently cuts Kevin’s face. The neighbours immediately without understanding the situation seek revenge on Edward and it is like a chain reaction with the whole neighbourhood turning against Edward like a bunch of vigilantes and violently rejecting him. What makes the behaviour of the neighbours seem so monstrous is the impression of Edward being so naive, he was exploited by his neighbours and violently turned upon without question. In the end the main villain Jim meets his death and the scene has the neighbours still seeking revenge when Kim tells them that Edward is gone. There seems to be no emotional reaction from them again, an example of cruel and wicked behaviour. Edward’s death is almost a relief for the How to cite Edward Scissorhands, Papers Edward Scissorhands Free Essays Studying Edward Scissorhands Tim Burton really unleashed his imagination for the first time when he made the pop fairytale Edward Scissorhands in 1990. Just as Burton’s success is associated with Batman, his artistic reputation is inextricably linked to Edward Scissorhands. Modern narratives are often updated versions of timeless stories. We will write a custom essay sample on Edward Scissorhands or any similar topic only for you Order Now Edward Scissorhands adapts the structure and conventions of the European fairytale to a contemporary American, suburban setting. Clips mentioned in this section are not available to view on the website but are readily available to buy or rent from the usual outlets. The film can be read as a dark, romantic fable for adults, another take on the disparity between the individual and society, on the unique nature of one single character and the horror of conformity. The Frankenstein story provides the model here. ‘A monster with a heart’ was one of the central themes of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, with an emphasis on sympathy, and intellectual and emotional identification particularly characteristic of English Romanticism. Edward Scissorhands takes up this tradition in so far as the creature becomes an object of sympathy and makes the world around him appear monstrous in comparison with his own innate goodness. Burton sets his story in a contemporary American suburb. He has given each generation represented in Edward Scissorhands its own system of symbolic shorthand representing the different eras they grew up in, different times associated with different tastes, each expressing a particular aesthetic. The parents generation is characterised by familiar 50s and 60s icons; theconformist, consumer-led boom of those years represented by lava lamps, functional interiors and social rituals like the barbecue. The younger generation wears the insignia of the 80s: jeans, T-shirts and the dream of fast money symbolised by a Landrover decorated with flames, all very reminiscent of the familiar aesthetics of Slacker films. Ultimately Edward represents two apparently disparate cultures. His clothes – a tight black leather suit with metal accessories – look like the rebellious uniform of punk, whose ‘no future’ attitude and rejection of bourgeois society were actually directly descended from the self-isolation and self-obsession of the Romantics as embodied in our lonely, misunderstood hero. Extract from ‘Edward Scissorhands Study Guide. ’ Reproduced with kind permission of the Film Institute of Ireland. Edward Scissorhands (1990) The town and the mansion: (00:05:06 to 00:14:28) There are two distinct locations in the film: Edward’s home in the mansion on the hill and the town which it overlooks. While they are very different places, they are similar in the exaggerated fashion in which each is presented. The gothic style mansion with its forbidding exterior, decorated by monstrous stone carvings, and its huge cavernous interior, lit only by long spindly windows, is the archetypal haunted house of the fairytale or Hammer horror. It is also reminiscent of many of the films sets of German Expressionism. By contrast the town at the foot of the hill is a pretty, peaceful, traditionally ordered society (men go to work each day, women are housewifes) as represented in American TV shows of the 1960s such as the Brady Bunch and Bewitched. The contrast between the two locations is established in this sequence. The lush, colourful landscaped garden of the inventor’s castle filled with flowers contrasts greatly with the flat unimaginative lawns which form a neat little pattern in the town below. The film set for the mansion is very dramatic, with windows and arches all slightly askew, adding to the feeling that not everything is as it should be. Peg, the Avon Lady’s entrance to the house is framed by a long shot which shows her suddenly engulfed by a huge bare interior. However, her vulnerability is counteracted by her inappropriate comments while exploring this chilling environment; â€Å"This is some huge house. Thank goodness for those aerobics classes. † The cheery lilac figure, climbing the stairs of a huge gothic house, is completely out of place. The music, which has been warning us of imminent danger, reaches a climax as Peg tells the dark approaching figure: â€Å"I’m Peg Boggs.. your local Avon representative. † It is only when Edward emerges from the dark that Peg feels afraid, but is soon reassured when he speaks. The music changes sharply at this point into something a little more melancholic as a stunned Peg looks at Edward’s hands and asks him what has happened. Again the mood quickly changes to optimism as she begins to heal the cuts on his face. Edward Scissorhands (1990) The Barbecue Scene: (00:34:03 to 00:34:57) Edward Scissorhands (1990) The Television Interview: (00:52:25 to 00:54:26) Edward Scissorhands (1990) The Diner Scene: (00:57:43 to 00:58:47) These three sequences illustrate the bold use of primary colours in Tim Burton’s mise-en-scene. The vibrant colour scheme conveys the emotional excess and unstable behaviour of the inhabitants of the town. The contrast with Edward’s gothic punk style of clothing, hairstyle and make-up is striking and it marks him out as an outsider – a fish out of water. Edward Scissorhands (1990) The Ice Sculpture: (01:12:45 to 01:14:20) In Edward Scissorhands, as in many German Expressionist films, realism is rejected in favour of artificiality which adds to the fairytale quality of the film. In this scene, the dream-like atmosphere of a romantic fairytale is evoked by the strong use of the colour white; the slow motion cinematography of the falling snowflakes (like a glass snowball); and the haunting music of composer Danny Elfman. Elfman has written the score for every Tim Burton film and his music perfectly expresses the kind fantasy world with menacing undertones that Burton aims to create in his work. Edward Scissorhands (1990) The Death of the Inventor: (01:21:27 to 01:23:06) In this sequence, Tim Burton’s mise-en-scene brilliantly conveys the strange world of the inventor that we are familiar with from the horror genre. However, the director’s intention is to subvert genre expectations. For this dark gothic interior, drained of life and colour, does not house an evil force or wicked character. How to cite Edward Scissorhands, Papers

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Energy Law and Policy for UK Energy Modeling - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEnergy Law and Policy for UK Energy Modeling. Answer: According to the recent UK Energy policy, the country is aiming at bridging the current energy supply deficit by the year 2025. With the increasing prices of fuel and natural gases in the Middle East, the UK government turned its attention to increasing the production of electrifying[1]. However, the national demand for electricity has outweighed its supply. According to engineers the by 2025, the demand for electricity would be more than 40% of the supply. If proactive measures are not taken, the UK would experience blackouts. According to experts, the current energy policy by the government cannot meet the projected demand by the next decade[2]. The several issues that impact energy production in the UK are; Plan to stop generation of unabated coal-fired power without a proper plan of building gas-fired electricity plants. Failed attempt to promote energy efficiency The action by the government to slash subsidies for solar power and onshore wind. The increasing population which in return results in increased demand for transport and heating energy[3]. The country has always depended on the supply of natural gas from the Middle East countries. However, with the fluctuation of the global gas and oil price as well as political stability, the UK has been thrown off the balance[4]. To mitigate the looming energy crisis; The UK government should; Investing in the exploration of its shale gas. Collaborate with other European countries like Netherlands, Ireland, and Norway to provide a long-term solution. The UK cannot solve the problem alone[5]. Investing in research and development to formulate other energy production methods[6]. Manufacturing industry and organizations should invest in energy efficiency to help the government in reducing the demand[7]. Follow-up interactions with fellow-students discussing their posts My finds, as listed above, are similar to that of my friends previous weeks post. The article the student has listed several factors that hinder energy generation in the UK. Among those issues are current dispute between Russia and its neighbors on the supplies of gas. The UK is been affected by the conflict which has led to the imbalance between supply and demand. I totally agree with the post and the issues raised. From my post, it is evident that the UK would have a 40% energy production deficit by the year 2025. Actually my post is an extension of the students findings in his paper. Bibliography Maulet, Nicolas. UK Energy Policy: Energy Law and Policy. London: Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen , 2005. Rosenow, J. Energy savings obligations in the UK A history of change. London: s.n., 2012. 373. Harvey, Fiona. Engineers warn of looming UK energy gap. [Online] 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jan/26/engineers-warn-of-looming-uk-energy-gap. Strachan, N. UK energy policy ambition and UK energy modeling fit for purpose. London: s.n., 011.